The capping of the 3'-ends of thrombin binding aptamers (TBAs) with bridged nucleotides increased the nuclease resistances and the stabilities in human serum. The binding abilities of the aptamers were not affected by the capping. The capping could be simply executed via a one step enzymatic process using 2',4'-bridged nucleoside 5'-triphosphate and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase. Capping the 3’ends of an aptamer binding thrombin with bridged nucleotides increased the nuclease resistances by 3.6 to 27-fold and its stability in human serum by 1.5 to 4.0-fold. However, the binding characteristics of the aptamers were not affected by the capping. A one-step enzymatic process enables the capping using 2’-,4’-bridged nucleoside 5’-triphosphate and the enzyme terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT).
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