The physicochemical properties or characteristics of oligonucleotides can be modified using functional groups. Tailored modifications enable a variety of applications useful for diagnostic assays or oligonucleotide based therapeutics. Some types of modifications can be used to link or conjugate oligonucleotides to each other, to other molecules such as peptides, proteins, or carbohydrates, as well as to surfaces, for example to glass plates, microchips or microarrays.
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BNAs are modified nucleotides having useful properties for the synthesis of modified oligonucleotides.
Applications and Uses
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Uses for Oligonucleotides
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Modification examples
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Substrates for DNA ligases
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Phosphorylations
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Attachment to surfaces or other molecules
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Linkers. Conjugation chemistry.
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Detection Probes
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Fluorophores. FRET. Quenchers.
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3’-Blocking groups
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Spacers
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Hybridization characteristics
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Modified Bases. E.g. BNAs.
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Nuclear degradation
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Phosphorothioate bonds. BNAs.
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