Antisense Oligonucleotides

Antisense oligonucleotides are small DNA or RNA oligonucleotides that can hybridize specifically to RNA molecules. These are synthetic polymers in which some or all of the natural nucleotide monomers of the oligonucleotide are chemically-modified deoxynucleotides (in DNA) or ribonucleotides (in RNA). Antisense technology utilizes single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules to target a specific sense mRNA. Antisense oligonucleotides contain 15 to 22 monomers and are often called "oligos."

Antisense oligonucleotides (first identified over twenty years ago), allow the arrest of gene expression levels in vitro and in vivo. However, antisense compounds have become practical tools for basic molecular biology, genomics and proteomics research. !! They are often used for drug discovery, targeted screening and validation. For example, antisense oligonucleotides can act by blocking the upstream message for receptor substrates, proteins over-expressed in pathological versus physiological states. Antisense technologies utilize single-stranded fragments of DNA that bind mRNA to form a duplex. The formation of the duplex, or double-stranded molecule, prevents the mRNA from being translated into protein and producing the downstream protein signal. Therefore, antisense oligonucleotides can reduce the upstream signaling of protein expression and normalize the targeted protein's downstream expression. Blocking the gene expression of selected proteins in signaling cascades with antisense oligonucleotides helps avoid unwanted side effects.

Antisense-based therapeutic strategies modulate gene expression through two mechanisms based on post-hybridization events: Enzymatic RNA degradation and Occupancy-only mechanisms.

RNA degradation utilizes DNA-like antisense oligonucleotides that trigger complementary RNA cleavage by RNase H1 and siRNA-mediated reduction of complementary RNA via the Ago2 RISC pathway.

Occupancy-only mechanisms utilize antisense oligonucleotides to base pair with target RNAs without triggering RNA degradation.

Splicing modulation utilizes non-DNA-like antisense oligonucleotides to base pair with sequence elements in pre-mRNA to inhibit or enhance the utilization of splice sites.

Translation modulation uses non-DNA-like antisense oligonucleotides to base pair with mRNA, either to inhibit translation (steric blocking) or to activate translation through binding to inhibitory elements such as upstream open reading frames (uORF) or other Translation inhibitory elements (TIEs).

miRNA modulations utilize antisense oligonucleotides either by base pairing with miRNA to inhibit the function of the miRNA or by base-pairing with miRNA-binding sites of a particular mRNA to eliminate the effect of a specific miRNA.

For additional information, please contact us or send an email to info@biosyn.com

• No set up fee
• Deprotected, desalted, lyophilized
• Purification by PAGE or RP-HPLC upon request
• QC analysis by MALDI-TOF Mass spec, HPLC or PAGE
• Fast delivery with high throughput capacity

A minimum charge will apply for oligos of <10 bases. Yields and base price may vary depending on type of antisense synthesis..

Contact us for scale >10 umol

Unmodified RNA Purifications Yields