Antimicrobial and Related Peptides Products

Antimicrobial and Related Peptides

Definition

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are as widespread as bacterial inactivator molecules in the innate immune systems of insects, fungi, plants, and mammals. These peptides are also known as host defense peptides (HDPs) as they have other immuno-modulatory functions besides the direct antimicrobial actions and are even capable of killing cancerous cells ^1,2.

Classification

Three broad categories of HDPs have been identified: 1) the linear peptides with helical structures, 2) the cysteine stabilized peptides with beta-sheet, and 3) a group of linear peptides rich in proline and arginine that primarily have been identified in non-mammalian species.

Structural characteristics

In mammals, cathelicidins and defensins are the two principal AMP families. Cathelicidins are peptides with a conserved proregion and a variable C-terminal antimicrobial domain. Defensins are the best-characterized AMPs, they have six invariant cysteines, forming three intramolecular cystine-disulfide bonds.

Mode of action

The mode of action of AMPs elucidated to date include inhibition of cell wall formation, formation of pores in the cell membrane resulting in the disruption of membrane potential with eventual lysis of the cell. These peptides also inhibit nuclease activity of both RNase and DNase.

Functions

They have a broad ability to kill microbes. AMPs form an important means of host defense in eukaryotes. Large AMPs (>100 amino acids), are often lytic, nutrient-binding proteins or specifically target microbial macromolecules. Small AMPs act by disrupting the structure of microbial cell membranes. It plays an active role in wound repair and regulation of the adaptive immune system. They have multiple roles as mediators of inflammation with impact on epithelial and inflammatory cells, influencing diverse processes such as cell proliferation, wound healing, cytokine release, chemotaxis and immune induction ³.

References

1. Gottlieb CT, Thomsen LE, Ingmer H, Mygind PH, Kristensen HH, Gram L(2008). Antimicrobial peptides effectively kill a broad spectrum of Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus strains independently of origin, sub-type, or virulence factor expression. BMC Microbiol., 8:205.

2. Yeaman MR and Yount NY (2003). Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Peptide Action and Resistance. Pharmocological Reviews, 55(1).

3. Hanna Galkowska H and Olszewski WL (2003). Antimicrobial peptides – their role in immunity and therapeutic potential. Centr Eur J Immunol., 28 (3):138–141.

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Product Name	Catalog #	Unit	Price/Unit
5 - FAM - LC - LL - 37 5-FAM-LC-LLGDFFRKSKEKIGKEFKRIVQRIKDFLRNLVPRTES	13998-001	0.1 mg	$431
Alloferon 1 HGVSGHGQHGVHG	14000-01	1mg	$620
Alloferon 2 GVSGHGQHGVHG	14001-01	1mg	$620
Andropin VFIDILDKVENAIHNAAQVGIGFAKPFEKLINPK	10388-01	1 mg	$828
Antimicrobial Anionic Peptide, Surfactant-associate GADDDDD	10376-01	1 mg	$743
Antimicrobial Anionic Peptide, Surfactant, ovine DDDDDDD	10377-01	1 mg	$743
Apidaecin IA GNNRPVYIPQPRPPHPRI	10387-01	1 mg	$810
Apidaecin IB GNNRPVYIPQPRPPHPRL	10386-01	1 mg	$405
Aurein 1.1 GLFDIIKKIAESI-CONH2	10385-01	1 mg	$743
Bac2A; Bactenecin 2A RLARIVVIRVAR-CONH2	14002-01	1mg	$405
Biotin - LC - LL - 37 Biotin-LC-LLGDFFRKSKEKIGKEFKRIVQRIKDFLRNLVPRTES	14003-005	0.5 mg	$966
Bombinin - like Peptide (BLP - 1) GIGASILSAGKSALKGLAKGLAEHFAN-CONH2	10357-01	1 mg	$1,098
Brevinin - 1 FLPVLAGIAAKVVPALFCKITKKC (Disulfide bridge: 18-24)	10358-01	1 mg	$1,587
CAP-18, rabbit GLRKRLRKFRNKIKEKLKKIGQKIQGLLPKLAPRTDY	10362-01	1 mg	$1,148
CAP - 18, rabbit GLRKRLRKFRNKIKEKLKKIGQKIQGLLPKLAPRTDY	10362-005	0.5 mg	$764
Carnobacteriocin B2 VNYGNGVSCSKTKCSVNWGQAFQERYTAGINSFVSGVASGAGSIGRRP no bond	10381-005	0.5 mg	$1,688
Cecropin A KWKLFKKIEKVGQNIRDGIIKAGPAVAVVGQATQIAK-CONH2	10348-01	1 mg	$966
Cecropin A (10348-005) KWKLFKKIEKVGQNIRDGIIKAGPAVAVVGQATQIAK - NH2	10348-005	0.5 mg	$579
Cecropin B KWKVFKKIEKMGRNIRNGIVKAGPAIAVLGEAKAL-CONH2	10349-01	1 mg	$1,317
Cecropin B (10349-005) KWKVFKKIEKMGRNIRNGIVKAGPAIAVLGEAKAL - NH2	10349-005	0.5 mg	$579
Dermcidin, DCD - 1L SSLLEKGLDGAKKAVGGLGKLGKDAVEDLESVGKGAVHDVKDVLDSVL	14264-001	0.1 mg	$467
[Des Ala20, Gln34] Dermaseptin ALWKTMLKKGTMALHAGK	10379-01	1 mg	$810
Drosocin GKPRPYSPRPTSHPRPIRV	10396-01	1 mg	$405
Elafin AQEPVKGPVSTKPGSCPIILIRCAMLNPPNRCLKDTDCPGIKKCCEGSCGMACFVPQ (Disufide bonds between Cys16 - Cys45, Cys23 - Cys49, Cys32 - Cys44, Cys38 - Cys53)	14265-001	0.1 mg	$783
GLU Construct TGAQTIKGQKLYFKANGQQVKG	10391-01	1 mg	$1,013
Glucosyltransferase I (442-462), Streptococcus mut DANFDSIRVDAVDNVDADLLQ	10390-01	1 mg	$1,013
HEL (46-61) NTDGSTDYGILQINSR	10351-01	1 mg	$912
Helicobacter pylori, Hp (2 - 20) AKKVFKRLEKLFSKIQNDK	13997-01	1mg	$728
Histatin - 3 (H3) DSHAKRHHGYKRKFHEKHHSHRGYRSNYLYDN	10370-01	1 mg	$1,350
Histatin - 5 DSHAKRHHGYKRKFHEKHHSHRGY	10355-01	1 mg	$635
Histatin - 8 [Hemagglutination] - Inhibiting Peptide KFHEKHHSHRGY	10356-01	1 mg	$777
Human Lactotransferrin (37 - 61), Lactoferricin H TKCFQWQRNMRKVR - G - PPVSCIKRDS (Disulfide between Cys3 and Cys20)	14266-01	1 mg	$764
Human Platelet Factor IV 18, C18G ALYKKLLKKLLKSAKKLG	14267-01	1 mg	$405
Indolicidin ILPWKWPWWPWRR-CONH2	10353-01	1 mg	$467
Innate Defense Regulator-1 (IDR-1) KSRIVPAIPVSLL	10394-01	1 mg	$743
Lactoferricin B Lactoferrin (17 - 41) FKCRRWQWRMKKLGAPSITCVRRAF (S - S BOND)	14268-01	1 mg	$653
LEAP-1, Hepcidin, human DTHFPICIFCCGCCHRSKCGMCCKT (Disulfide bridges: 7-23, 10-13, 11-19, 14-22)	10371-001	0.1 mg	$710
LEAP - 2 (38 - 77) (Human) MTPFWRGVSLRPIGASCRDDSECITRLCRKRRCSLSVAQE	10374-01	1 mg	$1,520
LL17 - 29 FKRIVQRIKDFLR	14271-01	1 mg	$491
LL17 - 32 FKRIVQRIKDFLRNLV	14272-01	1 mg	$405
LL-37, Antimicrobial Peptide, human LLGDFFRKSKEKIGKEFKRIVQRIKDFLRNLVPRTES	10359-01	1 mg	$588
LL - 37 fragment (18 - 37), LL - 18 - 37 KRIVQRIKDFLRNLVPRTES	14269-01	1 mg	$392
LL-37 pentamide LLGNFFRKSKQKIGKQFKRIVQRIKNFFRNLVPRTQS	10364-01	1 mg	$1,148
LL-37, reverse sequence SETRPVLNRLFDKIRQVIRKFEKGIKEKSKRFFDGLL	10392-005	0.5 mg	$467
LL - 37, scrambled GLKLRFEFSKIKGEFLKTPEVRFRDIKLKDNRISVQR	14270-01	1 mg	$1,007
Lytic Peptide, SB - 37 MPKWKVFKKIEKVGRNIRNGIVKAGPAIAVLGEAKALG	10354-01	1 mg	$1,182
Lytic Peptide, Shiva - 1 MPRLFRRIDRVGKQGILRAGPAIALVGDARAVG	10352-01	1 mg	$1,013
Magainin 1 GIGKFLHSAGKFGKAFVGEIMKS	10347-01	1 mg	$467
Magainin 1 (10347-005) GIGKFLHSAGKFGKAFVGEIMKS	10347-005	0.5 mg	$405
Magainin 2 GIGKFLHSAKKFGKAFVGEIMNS	10346-01	1 mg	$467
Magainin 2-10346-005 GIGKFLHSAKKFGKAFVGEIMNS	10346-005	0.5 mg	$405
mCRAMP, mouse GLLRKGGEKIGEKLKKIGQKIKNFFQKLVPQPEQ	10360-01	1 mg	$912
Melittin, honey bee NH2-GIGAVLKVLTTGLPALISWIKRKRQQ-CONH2	10393-01	1 mg	$594
Metalnikowin IIA VDKPDYRPRPWPRPN	10398-01	1 mg	$761
Mundticin KYYGNGVSCNKKGCSVDWGKAIGIIGNNSAANLATGGAAGWSK (Disulfide bridge: 9-14)	10384-005	0.5 mg	$1,688
Mundticin KS KYYGNGVSCNKKGCSVDWGKAIGIIGNNSAANLATGGAAGWKS (Disulfide bridge: 9-14)	10383-005	0.5 mg	$1,688
OV-1, Sheep KNLRRIIRKIIHIIKKYG	10365-01	1 mg	$828
OV-2, Sheep LRRIIRKIIHIIKK-CONH2	10366-01	1 mg	$743
OV-3, sheep IRRIIRKIIHIIKK-CONH2	10367-01	1 mg	$743
Piscicolin 126 KYYGNGVSCNKNGCTVDWSKAIGIIGNNAAANLTTGGAAGWNKG (Disulfide bridge: 9-14)	10382-005	0.5 mg	$1,587
Plasmodium yoelii Circumsporozoite Protein, PyCSP (280-288) SYVPSAEQI	10389-01	1 mg	$743
Protegrine - 1 (PG - 1), amide RGGRLCYCRRRFCVCVGR - NH2 (disulfide bridge:6 - 15 and 8 - 13)	14273-01	1 mg	$1,841
Protegrine - 1 (PG - 1), amide-14273-005 RGGRLCYCRRRFCVCVGR - NH2 (disulfide bridge:6 - 15 and 8 - 13)	14273-005	0.5 mg	$1,040
Pyrrhocoricin N VDKGSYLPRPTPPRPIYNRN	10397-01	1 mg	$392
rCRAMP GLVRKGGEKFGEKLRKIGQKIKEFFQKLALEIEQ	10361-01	1 mg	$1,148
rCRAMP - 10361-005 GLVRKGGEKFGEKLRKIGQKIKEFFQKLALEIEQ	10361-005	0.5 mg	$764
RL-37 RLGNFFRKVKEKIGGGLKKVGQKIKDFLGNLVPRTAS	10368-005	0.5 mg	$912
Serorphin, BSA (399-404) YGFQNA	10399-01	1 mg	$675
SMAP 29, Sheep Myeloid Antimicrobial Peptide 29 RGLRRLGRKIAHGVKKYGPTVLRIIRIAG	10363-01	1 mg	$764
SP2 GFRLTNFGYFEPGK	10369-01	1 mg	$743
(T1BT*) - linear DPNANPNVDPNANPNVNANPNANPNANPEYLNKIQNSLSTEWSPCSVT	13996-01	1mg	$1,229
Temporin A, amide FLPLIGRVLSGIL - NH2	14274-01	1 mg	$405
Temporin L amide FVQWFSKFLGRIL - NH2	14275-01	1 mg	$405
Tetradecapeptide Renin Substrate, Angiotensinogen (1 - 14), rat DRVYIHPFHLLYYS	14283-01	1 mg	$405
Theromacin (49 - 63) QRLPNNKQCRCINAR (C57-C59 disulfide bridge)	10372-01	1 mg	$912
Ubiquitin (65-76), (Ub2) STLHLVLRLRGG	10395-01	1 mg	$761

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